Description

Steel sheet piles are interlocking steel structural members that can interlock to form continuous retaining/water-retaining walls. Their core characteristics are high strength, good water-stopping properties, fast construction, and reusability.

Based on manufacturing process, they are divided into hot-rolled steel sheet piles (the mainstream) and cold-formed thin-walled steel sheet piles (supplementary). Based on cross-sectional shape, they are mainly classified as U-shaped, Z-shaped, straight (straight web), and L-shaped, etc.

Characteristics and classifications of steel sheet piles:

1. Characteristics: Steel sheet piles have high strength, tight interlocking for good water-stopping properties, high construction efficiency (mechanized driving and extraction), small footprint, reusability (usually 10-20 times or more), and are environmentally friendly and material-saving. However, as a flexible support, their overall rigidity is limited. Deep foundation pits often require internal bracing or anchoring systems, and the interlocking in loose sand layers may require auxiliary water-stopping measures.

2. Classification (by process): Hot-rolled steel sheet piles (precise dimensions, tight interlocks, excellent mechanical properties, used for permanent or deep-water projects) and cold-formed thin-walled steel sheet piles (8–14mm thick, low cost, flexible length, but interlocks are prone to leakage and tearing, mostly used for shallow temporary support).

3. Classification (by cross-section): U Type Steel Sheet Pile (most common, such as Larssen IV/V type, symmetrical and easily reusable), Z Type Steel Sheet Pile (asymmetrical, high bending stiffness, good water-stopping, used for heavy loads/deep water), straight/straight web type (low and suitable for narrow ditches), L-shaped (lightweight, used for embankments or shallow ditches); there are also combined types or special interlocks (such as the Lacwana type), but hot-rolled U/Z types are the dominant type in engineering projects.

Hot-rolled steel sheet piles are currently the mainstay of major domestic projects (cofferdams, foundation pits, wharves), while cold-formed types are mostly used as temporary or economical supplements; Z-shaped types have limited global production capacity due to high rolling difficulty.

Applications of Steel Sheet Piles:

Steel sheet piles are primarily used to form continuous retaining walls or water-retaining structures, widely applied in temporary and permanent engineering projects, covering areas such as foundation pit support, cofferdams, revetments, flood control and disaster relief, and underground space development.

1. Foundation Pit Support: Temporary or permanent sidewall support in subway, deep foundation pit, underground utility tunnel, and high-rise building foundation construction (e.g., Larssen steel sheet piles with internal bracing systems).

2. Hydraulic Engineering: River cofferdams, dam reinforcement, lock dikes, flood control revetments, artificial islands, and breakwaters (especially in high water levels or quicksand formations).

3. Transportation Infrastructure: Bridge abutment cofferdams (e.g., the Shenzhen-Zhongshan Bridge, Hangzhou Bay Bridge), wharves, port retaining walls, dock construction, railway and tunnel engineering.

4. Municipal and Emergency Engineering: Ditch excavation, pipeline laying, temporary retaining walls, and disaster relief for landslides/quicksand/dike breaches (fast construction, rapid closure).

5. Industrial and Special Structures: Nuclear power plant intake cofferdams, large plant foundations, slope reinforcement, retaining walls around sewage ponds and underground storage tanks.

6. Temporary and Reusable Scenarios: Construction access roads, fencing; reusable after dismantling (hot-rolled sheet piles can typically be used 10-20 times).

By Type: U-shaped (e.g., Larssen piles) are mostly used for general support and cofferdams; Z-shaped are suitable for deep water, heavy loads, and port terminals; straight/L-shaped are suitable for narrow space trench support; cold-formed sheets are low-cost but have weaker water-stopping properties and are mostly used for temporary projects; hot-rolled sheets have high strength and tight interlocking, making them the mainstream for permanent projects.

Their core advantages are high strength, good water-stopping properties, fast construction, small footprint, and recyclability. They are suitable for sandy soil, clay, and soft soil foundations, but caution is needed when driving them into boulders or rock formations.

Specifications of Steel Sheet Pile:

Material Grade	SYW295/SYW390/SY295/SY390/Q295BZ/Q390BZ/Q420BZ
Size	1) 400100 – 600210MM 2)Wall Thickness:10.5-27.6MM 3) U and Z type sheet pile
Standard	AISI, ASTM, DIN, JIS, GB, JIS, SUS, EN, etc
Usage	flood project,construction project,bridge etc.
Coating	1) Bared 2) Black Painted (varnish coating) 3) galvanized
Technique	hot rolled,cold rolled
Delivery	Container, Bulk Vessel.
Quality	1) No damage, no bent 2) Free for oiled&marking 3) All goods can be checked by third party inspection before shipment

Type	Width	Height	Thickness	Sectional area	Weight per pile	Weight per wall	Moment of Inertia	Modulus of section
	mm	mm	mm	Cm2/m	Kg/m	Kg/ m2	Cm4/m	Cm3/m
WRU7	750	320	5	71.3	42	56	10725	670
WRU8	750	320	6	86.7	51	68.1	13169	823
WRU9	750	320	7	101.4	59.7	79.6	15251	953
WRU10-450	450	360	8	148.6	52.5	116.7	18268	1015
WRU11-450	450	360	9	165.9	58.6	130.2	20375	1132
WRU12-450	450	360	10	182.9	64.7	143.8	22444	1247
WRU11-575	575	360	8	133.8	60.4	105.1	19685	1094
WRU12-575	575	360	9	149.5	67.5	117.4	21973	1221
WRU13-575	575	360	10	165	74.5	129.5	24224	1346
WRU11-600	600	360	8	131.4	61.9	103.2	19897	1105
WRU12-600	600	360	9	147.3	69.5	115.8	22213	1234
WRU13-600	600	360	10	162.4	76.5	127.5	24491	1361
WRU18- 600	600	350	12	220.3	103.8	172.9	32797	1874
WRU20- 600	600	350	13	238.5	112.3	187.2	35224	2013
WRU16	650	480	8	138.5	71.3	109.6	39864	1661
WRU 18	650	480	9	156.1	79.5	122.3	44521	1855
WRU20	650	540	8	153.7	78.1	120.2	56002	2074
WRU23	650	540	9	169.4	87.3	133	61084	2318
WRU26	650	540	10	187.4	96.2	146.9	69093	2559
WRU30-700	700	558	11	217.1	119.3	170.5	83139	2980
WRU32-700	700	560	12	236.2	129.8	185.4	90880	3246
WRU35-700	700	562	13	255.1	140.2	200.3	98652	3511
WRU36-700	700	558	14	284.3	156.2	223.2	102145	3661
WRU39-700	700	560	15	303.8	166.9	238.5	109655	3916
WRU41-700	700	562	16	323.1	177.6	253.7	117194	4170
WRU 32	750	598	11	215.9	127.1	169.5	97362	3265
WRU 35	750	600	12	234.9	138.3	184.4	106416	3547
WRU 38	750	602	13	253.7	149.4	199.2	115505	3837
WRU 40	750	598	14	282.2	166.1	221.5	119918	4011
WRU 43	750	600	15	301.5	177.5	236.7	128724	4291
WRU 45	750	602	16	320.8	188.9	251.8	137561	4570
WRZ16-635	635	379	7	123.4	61.5	96.9	30502	1610
WRZ18-635	635	380	8	140.6	70.1	110.3	34717	1827
WRZ28-635	635	419	11	209	104.2	164.1	28785	2805
WRZ30-635	635	420	12	227.3	113.3	178.4	63889	3042
WRZ32-635	635	421	13	245.4	122.3	192.7	68954	3276
WRZ12-650	650	319	7	113.2	57.8	88.9	19603	1229
WRZ14-650	650	320	8	128.9	65.8	101.2	22312	1395
WRZ34-675	675	490	12	224.4	118.9	176.1	84657	3455
WRZ37-675	675	491	13	242.3	128.4	190.2	91327	3720
WRZ38-675	675	491.5	13.5	251.3	133.1	197.2	94699	3853
WRZ18-685	685	401	9	144	77.4	113	37335	1862
WRZ20-685	685	402	10	159.4	85.7	125.2	41304	2055
WRL1.5	700	100	3	724	21.4	30.6		145
WRL2	700	150	3	1674	22.9	32.7		223
WRl3	700	150	4.5	2469	35	50		329
WRL4	700	180	5	3979	40.4	57.7		442
WRL5	700	180	6.5	5094	52.7	75.3		566
WRL6	700	180	7	5458	57.1	81.6		606
WRS4	600	260	3.5	5528	31.2	41.7		425
WRS5	600	260	4	6703	36.6	48.8		516
WRS6	700	260	5	7899	45.3	57.7		608
WRS8	700	320	5.5	12987	53	70.7		812
WRS9	700	320	6.5	15225	62.6	83.4		952
WRX 600-10	600	60	10	144.8	68.2	113.6	396	132
WRX 600-11	600	61	11	158.5	74.7	124.4	435	143
WRX 600-12	600	62	12	172.1	81.1	135.1	474	153